{ "published": "2026-09-01", "note": "Wikipedia is a tertiary source. A link is given only where the article names this house or a principal of it in Charleston; it says nothing about the years the house traded. One sentence is quoted from the article as it stood on the date shown, under CC BY-SA 4.0.", "licence": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "links": [ { "kind": "att", "key": "s-c-r-r-co", "title": "South Carolina Canal and Railroad Company", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Carolina_Canal_and_Railroad_Company", "revid": 1355277276, "revision": "2026-05-20", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "about", "quote": "Chartered under act of the South Carolina General Assembly of December 19, 1827, the company operated its first 6-mile (9.7 km) line west from Charleston, South Carolina in 1830.", "why": "the railroad the 1854 card names; the article covers the company from its 1827 charter" }, { "kind": "att", "key": "mills-house", "title": "The Mills House Hotel", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mills_House_Hotel", "revid": 1356808600, "revision": "2026-05-29", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "about", "quote": "The Mills House Hotel was built by local grain merchant Otis Mills and opened on November 3, 1853.", "why": "the hotel the 1854 card describes, opened November 1853" }, { "kind": "att", "key": "planters-hotel", "title": "Dock Street Theatre", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dock_Street_Theatre", "revid": 1298051042, "revision": "2025-06-30", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "about", "quote": "In 1809, the current building was built on the site as the Planter's Hotel and in 1835 the wrought iron balcony and sandstone columns of the Church Street facade were added.", "why": "the building was the Planter's Hotel; the theatre occupies it today" }, { "kind": "att", "key": "mansion-house", "title": "Ann Deas", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Deas", "revid": 1356824363, "revision": "2026-05-30", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "context", "quote": "She was the owner and manager of the famous elite hotel Mansion House Hotel in Charleston, South Carolina between 1834 and 1847.", "why": "earlier owner-manager of the same Broad Street hotel" }, { "kind": "att", "key": "john-fraser-co", "title": "George Trenholm", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Trenholm", "revid": 1364912214, "revision": "2026-07-19", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "context", "quote": "At 16, George Trenholm had begun working for a major cotton broker, John Fraser and Company in Charleston.", "why": "the firm's best-known partner; the article names the house" }, { "kind": "att", "key": "mordecai-co", "title": "Moses Cohen Mordecai", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses_Cohen_Mordecai", "revid": 1365690941, "revision": "2026-07-23", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "about", "quote": "For example, the Isabel, named in honor of his wife, was used to remove Major Robert Anderson (1805–1871) from Fort Sumter at the Battle of Fort Sumter on April 14, 1861.", "why": "the card names the firm as agents for the steamship Isabel, his ship" }, { "kind": "att", "key": "john-horlbeck", "title": "Boone Hall", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boone_Hall", "revid": 1372720853, "revision": "2026-09-01", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "context", "quote": "While the Horlbeck brothers have received credit for \"building\" many houses and public spaces in downtown Charleston using the brick from their plantations, enslaved workers had made the bricks and others accomplished the actual construction under the watch of the Horlbecks and their overseers.", "why": "the Horlbeck brickmakers owned Boone Hall; the card is the brickworks" }, { "kind": "att", "key": "louis-d-desaussure", "title": "Louis D. DeSaussure", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_D._DeSaussure", "revid": 1319498443, "revision": "2025-10-30", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "about", "quote": "On July 1, 1846, DeSaussure announced in the Charleston Daily Courier, \"The subscriber has this day commenced business as a BROKER AUCTIONEER AND COMMISSION AGENT and will attend to the selling of houses, lands, negroes, stocks, &c.", "why": "the article quotes his own 1846 advertisement in the words of the 1854 card" }, { "kind": "att", "key": "james-gadsden-co", "title": "James Gadsden", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Gadsden", "revid": 1364064647, "revision": "2026-07-14", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "context", "quote": "It is known that he was born in Charleston, South Carolina, during 1788, and that he was grandson of the American Revolutionary War hero Christopher Gadsden, for whom the Gadsden flag was named.", "why": "the card names Col. James Gadsden as principal; the article does not name the firm" }, { "kind": "reg", "key": "calhoun|107|Zion Church", "title": "1865 South Carolina State Convention of Colored People", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1865_South_Carolina_State_Convention_of_Colored_People", "revid": 1321201677, "revision": "2025-11-09", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "context", "quote": "The convention took place November 20—25, 1865, at the Zion Church in Charleston, South Carolina.", "why": "the 1865 convention met in this church" }, { "kind": "e52", "key": "Adger, Jas. & Co. cotton merchants, Adger's whf", "title": "James Adger", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Adger", "revid": 1365597328, "revision": "2026-07-23", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "about", "quote": "He also established a hardware firm, James Adger & Company.", "why": "the article names the firm" }, { "kind": "e52", "key": "'' W. & J. E. hardware dealers, 54 East bay", "title": "James Adger", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Adger", "revid": 1365597328, "revision": "2026-07-23", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "about", "quote": "He also established a hardware firm, James Adger & Company.", "why": "the hardware firm the article names, at 54 East Bay" }, { "kind": "e52", "key": "Horlbeck & Brothers, brickburners and layers", "title": "Boone Hall", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boone_Hall", "revid": 1372720853, "revision": "2026-09-01", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "context", "quote": "While the Horlbeck brothers have received credit for \"building\" many houses and public spaces in downtown Charleston using the brick from their plantations, enslaved workers had made the bricks and others accomplished the actual construction under the watch of the Horlbecks and their overseers.", "why": "the Horlbeck brothers, brickmakers" }, { "kind": "att", "key": "mansion-house", "title": "Eliza Seymour Lee", "relation": "context", "quote": "In 1824, she inherited her mother's business and property, including a bakery and slave labor, and expanded it to eventually managing four restaurants in Charleston, South Carolina: The Mansion House on Broad Street (1840–1845), Lee House (1845–1848), Ann Deas' Jones Hotel (1848–1850) and Moultrie House on Sullivan’s Island (1850–1851).", "why": "ran the Mansion House on Broad Street, 1840–1845", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "revid": 1356824369, "revision": "2026-05-30", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliza_Seymour_Lee" }, { "kind": "att", "key": "farmers-and-exchange-bank-of-charleston", "title": "Farmers' and Exchange Bank", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farmers%27_and_Exchange_Bank", "revid": 1336437172, "revision": "2026-02-03", "retrieved": "2026-09-01", "relation": "about", "quote": "Built in 1853–54, it is an architecturally distinctive building, with Moorish Revival features rarely seen in the United States.", "why": "the bank the 1854 card names; its East Bay building, finished 1854, still stands" } ] }